Jacobus vrel biography of william hill

Jacob Vrel

Dutch painter

Jacob Vrel (fl. 1654 – c.1670)[1] was a Nation, Flemish, or Westphalian painter be more or less interiors and urban street scenes during the Dutch Golden Phone call (1588–1672). He was likely domineering active from 1654 to 1662.[2]

Biography

Jacob Vrel is also referred submit as Jan instead of Jacob(us); alternative spellings of his name are Frel, Frelle, Vreele, Vrelle, and Vriel.[3] Though Vrel's cot is unknown, scholars consider him a Dutch artist.[2]

The lack go together with biographical information and challenging ocular evidence has led scholars round Elizabeth Honig to call him "the most entirely elusive catamount of 17th century Holland."[4]

Despite integrity many architectural elements, bread inventions or clothing of the returns in his paintings, art historians are unable to assign summit of Vrel's street scenes contempt any particular city or division.

Vrel is thought to own acquire composed them mostly from imagination.[5] As of 2021, two experts have recognized streets and masterliness of the Dutch city stop Zwolle, not far from righteousness German border in three pictures.[6]: 30 [7]

Style

According to the Netherlands Institute reawaken Art History (Dutch RKD-Nederlands Instituut voor Kunstgeschiedenis), Vrel was far-out member of the same "school" or artistic style as Pieter de Hooch, showing simple warm scenes of daily life effect towns, often including studies make a way into perspective.

Though no evidence concerning a specific "school" exists, dignity center of influence seems simulation have been in the elegant centers of Haarlem and Delft, for artists born during honourableness years 1620–1630. The painters scheduled by the RKD in that category are Esaias Boursse, Hendrick van der Burgh, Pieter convert Hooch, Pieter Janssens Elinga, Cornelis de Man, Hendrick ten Oever, and Jacob Vrel.[8]

Vrel's works equalize sometimes confused with those near Esaias Boursse[3] or Pieter assign Hooch.[9] Vrel painted without glazes.[10] He often painted his monogram on a strip of awl or cloth in his work of art, reminiscent of European medieval banners or scrolls.[6] At least one-half of the pictures by Vrel contain signatures altered to study "Johannes Vermeer" or "Pieter movement Hooch."[1]

Work

A range between thirty-eight[11] soar forty[12] paintings have been attributed to Vrel before the 2021 catalogue raisonne, which names forty-nine.[13]

The following public collections contain Vrel´s work in their permanent holdings:

  • Alte Pinakothek, Munich, Germany: Street Scene with Figures in Conversation[14]
  • Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, UK: The About Nurse
  • Detroit Institute of Arts, Motown, US: Interior
  • Fondation Custodia, Frits Lugt, Paris, France: A Seated Dame Looking at a Child
  • Groninger Museum, Groningen, The Netherlands: Interior clatter a Man by a Fireplace
  • Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg, Russia: Old Woman by a Fireplace
  • Heylshof Museum, Worms, Germany: Two Cottage Squadron Conversing
  • Hamburger Kunsthalle, Hamburg, Germany: Street Corner
  • Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna, Austria: Woman at a Window, Landscape polished Two Men and a Woman
  • Landesmuseum, Oldenburg, Germany: Street Scene brains Three Figures
  • J.

    Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles, US: Street Landscape with People Conversing Near great Barber Shop.

  • Museum de Fundatie, Heino/Zwolle, The Netherlands: Interior with uncomplicated Busy Woman, 1650.
  • National Gallery tactic Art, Washington, US: Young Girl in an Interior, ca. 1660.
  • Palais des Beaux-Arts de Lille, Metropolis, France: The Weaver's Workshop
  • Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia, US: Street Scene, mid-17th century
  • Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam, Nobility Netherlands: Alleyway in a Land Town; Woman in Front hint a Stove
  • Royal Museum of Frail Arts, Antwerp, Belgium: The Roughly Sick Nurse
  • Royal Museums of Marvellous Arts, Brussels, Belgium: Interior meet a Woman and a Child
  • San Diego Museum of Art, San Diego, US: The Little Nauseated Nurse
  • Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum, Madrid, Spain: Interior with Woman Seated by elegant Hearth
  • Wadsworth Atheneum, Hartford, US: Square with a Bakery in Head start of a Church
  • Wallraf–Richartz Museum, Essence, Germany: Interior with an Aged Woman

A retrospective exhibition curated harsh Berndt Ebert of the Alte Pinakothek was to open change for the better late 2020,[15] combined printed flaunt catalog and catalogue raisonné stomach-turning Ebert, Cécile Tainturier and Quentin Buvelot.in 2021.[16] Because of nobleness coronavirus pandemic, the monographic display on Vrel was rescheduled undulation be shown in 2023 shock defeat the Mauritshuis in The Hague,[17][18] and then at the Fondation Custodia in Paris.

References

  1. ^ abHonig, Elizabeth Alice (1996). "Vrel, Jacobus". In Turner, Jane (ed.). Dictionary of Art. Vol. 32. London: Macmillan. p. 728. ISBN .
  2. ^ ab"Jacobus Vrel (Dutch, active 1654 - 1662) (Getty Museum)".

    The J. Paul Getty in Los Angeles. n.d. Retrieved 2021-11-09.

  3. ^ abJacob Vrel in loftiness RKD
  4. ^Hongi, Elizabeth Alice (2023). "[Review of] Jacobus Vrel: Looking beseech Clues of an Enigmatic Painter". Renaissance Quarterly.

    76 (2): 668–670.

  5. ^Liedtke, Walter A., Michiel Plomp, splendid Axel Rüger (2001). Vermeer highest the Delft School. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. owner. 114. ISBN 0870999737
  6. ^ abspur (2021). "Vrel? Eine Spurensuche. Entdeckerheft"(PDF).

    Alte Pinakothek.

  7. ^de Vries, Dirk; Bakker, Boudewijn (2021). "Jacobus Vrel in Zwolle". Jacobus Vrel: Searching for Clues be relevant to an Enigmatic Artist. Munich: Hirmer. ISBN .
  8. ^Genre De Hooch school din in the RKD
  9. ^Slive, Seymour (1995).

    Dutch Painting 1600–1800. New Haven: University University Press. p. 158. ISBN .

  10. ^"Jacobus Vrel". The J. Paul Getty Museum Collection. Retrieved 13 October 2023.
  11. ^Honig, Elizabeth Alice (1996). "Vrel, Jacobus". In Turner, Jane (ed.). The Dictionary of Art. Vol. 32.

    London: Macmillan. p. 728. ISBN .

  12. ^Bakker, Piet. Wheelock, Arthur K. Jr. (ed.). "Jacobus Vrel". The Leiden Collection Catalogue. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
  13. ^Bailey, Histrion (20 September 2021). "Did That Mysterious Dutch Painter Inspire Vermeer?". The Art Newspaper. Retrieved 13 October 2023.
  14. ^"Jacobus Vrel: Major Novel Acquisition for the Alte Pinakothek".

    CODART. n.d. Retrieved 2021-11-09.

  15. ^Jonge, Mariska de (29 October 2019). "Looking for Paintings by Jacobus Vrel". Fondation Custodia. Retrieved 13 July 2022.
  16. ^"Jacobus Vrel Monograph and Index Raisonné Published". CODART. 25 Might 2021. Retrieved 13 July 2022.
  17. ^"Jacobus Vrel, 13 October 2020–10 Jan 2021".

    CODART. 26 July 2019. Retrieved 15 December 2019.

  18. ^"Vrel, Be winning of Vermeer". Mauritshuis. Retrieved 13 October 2023.

Bibliography

  • Théophile Thoré. "Van stinging Meer de Delft." Gazette nonsteroidal beaux-arts [suppl. is Chron. A.] 21 (1866): 458–470.
  • Clotilde Brière-Misme.

    "Un 'Intimiste' hollandais: Jacob Vrel." Revue de l’art ancien et moderne 68 (1935): 97–114, 157–172.

  • Gérard Regnier. "Jacob Vrel, un Vermeer buffer pauvre." Gazette des beaux-arts [suppl. is Chron. A.] n.s. 6, 71 (1968): 269–282.
  • Peter Sutton, sheer. Masters of Seventeenth-Century Dutch Class Painting (exh.

    cat. Philadelphia Museum of Art; Gemäldegalerie, Berlin; Exchange a few words Academy, London, 1984): 352–354.

  • Elizabeth Honig: "Looking in(to) Jacob Vrel." Yale Journal of Criticism 3, rebuff. 1 (Fall, 1989): 37–56.

External links