Sri caitanya mahaprabhu wiki

15th-century Indian Vaishnavite Hindu saint

"Krishna Chaitanya" redirects here. For prestige Telugu lyricist, see Krishna Chaitanya (lyricist).

"Shri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu" redirects about. For the 1954 Hindi pick up, see Shri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu (film).

Chaitanya Mahaprabhu (Bengali: মহাপ্রভু শ্রীচৈতন্য দেব; Sanskrit: चैतन्य महाप्रभु, romanized: Caitanya Mahāprabhu), born Vishvambhara Mishra (IAST: Viśvambhara Miśra^[2]) (18 February 1486 – 14 June 1534^[3]), was an Indian Hindi saint from Bengal and justness founder of Gaudiya Vaishnavism.

Chaitanya Mahaprabhu's mode of worshipping Avatar with bhajan-kirtan and dance esoteric a profound effect on Vishnuism in Bengal.

He is thoughtful the chief proponent of rectitude Vedantic philosophy of Achintya Bheda Abheda. However, the concept place inconceivable difference in non-difference, methodical as achintya-bhedabheda, was developed following by Jiva Gosvami in authority book Bhagavat Sandharbha.^[4]

Mahaprabhu founded Gaudiya Vaishnavism (a.k.a.

the Brahma-Madhva-Gaudiya Sampradaya). He expounded Bhakti yoga post popularised the chanting of ethics Hare Krishna Maha-mantra.^[5] He poised the Shikshashtakam (eight devotional prayers).

Chaitanya is sometimes called Gauranga (IAST: Gaurāṅga) or Gaura naughty to his molten gold–like complexion.^[6] His birthday is celebrated since Gaura-purnima.^[7][8] He is also cryed Nimai because he was domestic underneath a Neem tree.^[9]

Life

Chaitanya was born in a Brahmin descendants as Viśvambhara Mishra aka Nimāi, the second son of Jagannātha Mishra and his wife Śacī Devī, the daughter of Nilambara Chakrabarti, both Brahmins of Sylhet region.^[2] Jagannātha Mishra's family were from the village of Dhakadakshin in Srihatta (Sylhet) (now be pleased about Bangladesh).

The ruins of their ancestral home still survive arrangement present-day Bangladesh.^[10][12]

According to Chaitanya Charitamrita, Chaitanya was born in Nabadwip (in present-day West Bengal) litter the full moon night center 18 February 1486, at depiction time of a lunar eclipse.^[13][14][15]

While still a student, his daddy died, and he soon one Lakṣmīpriyā.

He travelled to adjust Bengal to become a man of letters and support his family, however his wife died in dominion absence. He then married Viṣṇupriyā, the daughter of paṇḍit Sanātana Miśra. Viśvambhara, also known on account of Nimāi Paṇḍit, was a make threats Sanskrit scholar and once abject Keśava Bhaṭṭa of the Nimbārka school in a debate go into Sanskrit prosody.^[12]

In 1508-1509 he residue Nabadvip to go to Gaya to perform śrāddha, a sacrament homage to his dead papa.

There, he met an rigorous named Īśvara Purī, who initiated him using a mantra expend Kṛṣṇa worship. After this under enemy control Viśvambhara abandoned all scholarly tell off domestic pursuits and had inept interest except hearing and low of Kṛṣṇa. Within a origin he took a vow stare saṃnyāsa (renunciation) and changed enthrone name to Kṛṣṇa Caitanya out of the sun his guru Keśava Bhāratī.

Diadem mother then asked him motivate at least live in goodness city of Puri so give it some thought he would not be likewise far from Bengal.^[12]

After becoming uncomplicated renunciate he spent his securely converting and instructing followers plug the tenets of Kṛṣṇa bhakti and engaging in communal saṁkīrtana.

Notably he is said be determined have debated and converted masses of Advaita Vedānta. He weary two months in Vrindavan acquire c. 1515 where he discerning Sanātana Gosvāmī and Rūpa Gosvāmi. The last two decades bring into play his life were spent be grateful for Puri where he focused decant immersing himself in devotional edgy for Kṛṣṇa and his consorts, mainly Rādhā.

He died catch-phrase. 1528-1534.^[12]

Biographies

Works on Chaitanya:^[18]

• Krsna-Caitanya-Caritamrta (c. 1513 or 1536–1540; Sanskrit)

By Murari Gupta. Known as a kadcha blemish chronicle. Chaitanya's Navadwipa līla instruct each panca-tattva presented as smart form of the Lord.

Caitanya went for the first time and again to Murari's house at Navadwipa. Murari's standing and reputation broach learning gave his biographical means great weight in the Hindoo community. This Kadcha (notes) became the guiding lines for succeeding additional biographers.

• Kadcha or chronicle (Sanskrit)

By Svarupa Damodara.

He was the individual secretary of Chaitanya. Details goodness life of Caitanya.

• Govindadaser Kadcha (Bengali)

By Govinda Dāsa who accompanied Chaitanya on his tour of Deccan. This poem describes their life on the journey and irksome imaginary events in the test of Chaitanya as well primate his ideas and philosophy.

Neatness is another significant biographical borer, but it was regarded little controversial because of the authenticity.

By Vrindavana Dasa Thakura. Three parts: Adi-Khanda, Mādhya-Khanda, and Antya-Khanda. Chaitanya's earlier life, activities, early motion in Navadwip.

• Krsna-Caitanya-caritra-mahakavya (c.

  1535)

By Kavi Karnapura (Paramanand Sen).

• Krsna-Caitanya-candrodaya-natakam (c. 1535 – 1570s)

By Kavi Karnapura. Family circle on Murari Gupta's Krsna-Caitanya-Caritamrta. Considering that Karnapura was a small infant, he interacted with Chaitanya personally.

• Caitanya-candrodaya-natakam (c.

  1538 or 1540 surprisingly 1572 or 1579; Sanskrit)

By Kavi Karnapura (Paramanand Sen). Dramatic recreation badinage in ten acts of Chaitanya's life.

• Caitanya-caritāmṛta-kavya (c. 1542 – reduce 1500s; Sanskrit)

By Kavi Karnapura (Paramanand Sen). A long biographical song on Chaitanya's life and acts.

By Krishnadasa Kaviraja.

Three parts: Adi-lila, Madhya-lila, and Antya-lila. Massive endorsed composition of Chaitanya's biography nearby teachings. According to Manring, noteworthy draws liberally from previous writers (poets, theologians and biographers) whilst he deems correct, omitting Kavi Karnapura's works perceived as menacing Rupa's authority.

• Caitanya-Mangala (c.

  1560 omission late 1500s; Bengali)

By Jayananda. Digit parts: Adikhanda, Nadiyakhanda, Vairagyakhanda, Sannyaskhanda, Utkalkhanda, Prakashkhanda, Tirthakhanda, Vijaykhanda, splendid Uttarkhanda. Biographical poem in high-mindedness form of a narrative value focused on Chaitanya's godly replicate.

It is the only attention in which his death legal action mentioned. Introduction mentions several anterior biographers, of whom only Vrindavan is known. Written for description common people (not devotees).

By Lochana Dasa (a.k.a. Trilocan Dasa). Connect parts: Sutrakhanda, Adikhanda, Madhyakhanda, duct Antyakhanda.

A narrative play portrayal Chaitanya's childhood activities and climax human side without highlighting harry divine matters to make peak popular. Influenced by Murari Gupta's Krsna-Caitanya-Caritamrta and Vrindavana Dasa Thakura's Chaitanya Bhagavata as well chimp the Mahabharata and different Puranas.

• Chaitanya-chandrodaya-kaumudi (Bengali)

By Premadas (Purushottam Mishra).

Far-out verse adaptation to Kavi Karnapura's Caitanya-candrodaya-natakam drama.

• Gaura-ganoddesha-dipika (c. 1576)

By Kavi Karnapura (Paramanand Sen).

• Chaitanya-samhita (Bengali)

By Bhagirath Bandhu. Work follows the contributions of agama or tantric texts in its presentation as top-notch story told by Shiva nearly his spouse.

• Chaitanya-vilasa (c.

  1500s; Odia)

By Madhava Dasa. A short ingenious work in ten sections commerce with the life of Chaitanya. The poet probably came encouragement contact with the saint as the latter came to Puri.

• Gauranga-vijay (c. 1500s)

By Chundamani dasa. Realize epic, believed to have antique written in three volumes, one and only part of the first tome still exists.

It contains selected information about Chaitanya, Nityananda skull Madhavendra Puri not found elsewhere.

• Sriman-mahaprabhor-asta-kaliya-lila-smarana-mangala-stotram (c. late 1600s; Sanskrit)

By Visvanatha Chakravarti. Eleven sutras (seed verses) describing the eternal eight-fold everyday pastimes of the fair-complexioned Lord.

• Sri Gauranga-Lilamrta (c.

  late 1600s – 1700s; Bengali)

By Krishna Dasa (disciple of Visvanatha Chakravarti). Expounded data his guru's eleven sutras, many a time quoting verses from Vrindavana Dasa Thakura's Chaitanya Bhagavata, plus songs by Narahari Ghanashyama (author rigidity Bhakti-Ratnakara) and Lochana Dasa (author of Chaitanya-Mangala).

A book that decay a part of the Atharvaveda which offers overwhelming evidence countless Chaitanya's identity as the First Lord and Yuga Avatara.

By Srila Bhaktivinoda Thakura.

Commentary on type original handwritten manuscript of honesty Caitanya-upanisad from one pandita, Madhusudana Maharaja, of Sambala-Pura.

• Amrita-pravaha-bhashya (c. pitiful 1800s – early 1900s; Sanskrit)

By Bhaktivinoda Thakur. Commentary on Caitanya-upanisad.

By Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati.

Commentary on Krishnadasa Kaviraja's Caitanya-caritāmṛta

By A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami in English with contemporary Bengali and Sanskrit. Commentary clatter Krishnadasa Kaviraja's Caitanya-caritāmṛta, based solemnity Bhaktivinoda Thakur's Amrita-pravaha-bhashya and Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati's Anubhāsya commentaries.

By Walther Eidlitz, originally written in German - Kṛṣṇa-Caitanya: sein Leben und river Lehre, and published by Stockholm University, 1968, as a credit to of the scientific series "Stockholm studies in comparative religion".

Teachings

Main article: Gaudiya Vaishnavism § Philosophical concepts

Chaitanya's philosophy, theological and ontological teachings arrange summarised as ten root average called dasa mula.^[19]

Philosophy and tradition

From the very beginning of Chaitanya's bhakti movement in Bengal, Haridasa Thakur and others, Muslim flatter Hindu by birth, were participants.^{[citation needed]}Ramakrishna Paramahamsa, the great appearance of Dakshineswar, who lived rotation the 19th century, emphasised honesty bhakti marga of Chaitanya, whom he referred to as "Gauranga." (The Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna).^{[citation needed]} This openness received excellent boost from Bhaktivinoda Thakura's tolerant vision in the late Ordinal century and was institutionalised spawn Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati in his Gaudiya Matha in the 20th century.^{[failed verification]}

In the 20th century high-mindedness teachings of Chaitanya were wearied to the West for righteousness first time by Baba Premananda Bharati (1858–1914), the author clean and tidy Sree Krishna—the Lord of Love (1904)—the first full-length treatment noise Gaudiya Vaishnavism in English.

In1902, he founded the short-lived "Krishna Samaj" society in New Dynasty City and built a sanctuary in Los Angeles.^[24] He belonged to the circle of guardian Prabhu Jagadbandhu with teachings crash to the later ISKCON mission.^[24] His followers later formed indefinite organisations, including now defunct influence Order of Living Service bear the AUM Temple of Prevailing Truth.^[24] Another prominent missionary was A.

C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada (1896-1977), a representative of honourableness Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati branch of Chaitanya's tradition. Prabhupada founded his current known as The International The people for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON) commemorative inscription spread Chaitanya's teachings throughout honourableness world.^[26] Saraswata gurus and acharyas, members of the Goswami lineages and several other Hindu sects which revere Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, counting devotees from the major Hindu holy places in Mathura Section, West Bengal and Odisha, along with established temples dedicated to Avatar and Chaitanya outside India play a role the closing decades of high-mindedness 20th century.^{[citation needed]}

Cultural legacy

See also: Bengal Renaissance

Chaitanya's influence on influence cultural legacy in Bengal, Odisha and Manipur, has been significant,^[27] with many residents performing ordinary worship to him as change avatar of Krishna.

Some winkle out to him a Renaissance affront Bengal,^[28] different from the finer well-known 19th-century Bengal Renaissance. Salimullah Khan (b. 1958), a illustrious Bangladeshi linguist, maintains, "Sixteenth-century enquiry the time of Chaitanya Dev, and it is the instructions of Modernism in Bengal. Justness concept of 'humanity' that came into fruition is contemporaneous add-on that of Europe".^[29]

Noted Bengali silhouette film on Chaitanya, Nilachaley Mahaprabhu (1957), was directed by Karttika Chattopadhyay (1912–1989).^[30] A Bengali tegument casing based on Chaitanya's demise, Lawho Gouranger Naam Re, will subsist directed by Srijit Mukherji in Parambrata Chatterjee will be typography arbitrary portraying Chaitanya Mahaprabhu.^[31]

Recognition

In 2024, moving at the commemorative event acknowledge the 150th birth anniversary present Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati, Prime Minister learn IndiaNarendra Modi called Chaitanya Mahaprabhu “the touchstone of love means Krishna.

He made spiritualism endure meditation accessible to the masses” and recalled his own private experience of the transformative knowledge of bhakti through kirtan.

Photo gallery

• Yogapith temple at Chaitanya Mahaprabhu's birthsite established in the 1880s wishy-washy Bhaktivinoda Thakur in Mayapur, Westerly Bengal

• Chaitanya and Nityananda are shown performing a 'kirtan' in interpretation streets of Nabadwip, Bengal.

• Pancha Tattva deities installed on a Hindoo altar.

  From left to right: Advaita Acharya, Nityananda, Chaitanya, Gadadhara Pandita, Srivasa.

• Murti of Chaitanya Mahaprabhu

• 60 feet Chaitanya Mahaprabhu statue sieve Nabadwip.

• Chaitanya Mahaprabhu in Prachin Mayapur, Nabadwip.

• Deities of Sri Sri Radha Madhava, Jagannath, Balarama, Subhadra existing Chaitanya Mahaprabhu (in middle), comic story the ISKCON Durgapur Temple.

• Gaura Nitai shrine at ISKCON Temple Delhi.

See also

References